GLP-1
GLP-1 is a peptide, indexed here under Incretin receptor agonists.
Identity
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Classification | Peptide |
| Primary class | Incretin receptor agonists |
| CAS registry number | 89750-14-1[1] |
| PubChem CID | 16133831[1] |
| UniProt accession | Unknown No UniProt query was run in v1. |
| Molecular formula | C149H226N40O45[1] |
| Molecular weight | 3297.6 g/mol[1] |
| Amino-acid sequence | Unknown Not reported by the PubChem property set retrieved for this record; no sequence database query was run in v1. |
| Reported half-life | Unknown No pharmacokinetics source was retrieved in v1. PubChem does not carry half-life as a property, so this is recorded as not yet sourced rather than estimated. |
What the cited literature examines
GLP-1 is the endogenous incretin hormone that the agonists in this class are modelled on. A 1987 Lancet paper reports glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36 as a physiological incretin in man, a 1993 Journal of Clinical Investigation paper reports preserved incretin activity of the 7-36 amide, a 2007 Physiological Reviews article covers its physiology, and a 2019 Molecular Metabolism review carries the peptide as its title.
Other retrieved records concern secretion and central action. A 1996 Nature paper reports a role in the central regulation of feeding and a 2012 Diabetes paper reports that short-chain fatty acids stimulate its secretion through the receptor FFAR2. The remaining most-cited records are about the agonist class rather than the hormone: a 2006 Lancet review of the incretin system, a 2007 Gastroenterology review of the biology of incretins, a 2018 Cell Metabolism review of mechanisms of action, and 2019 and 2021 Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology systematic reviews of cardiovascular, mortality and kidney outcomes with receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes.
[3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]Reported mechanism
The endogenous ligand of the GLP-1 receptor, reported in the retrieved records as a physiological incretin with a central role in the regulation of feeding.
[3, 7]Stated in the titles of the cited 1987 Lancet and 1996 Nature papers.
Targets named in the cited records: GLP-1 receptor.
FDA application register
A query of the FDA Drugs@FDA application register on 2026-10-09 returned no application records for this compound name. This compound is not approved by the FDA for human use.[2]
Scope statement: this records the result of a single automated query against the openFDA drugsfda endpoint on the stated date. It is not legal advice and is not a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction legality assessment.
Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Amounts reported in the cited literature
Unknown. No retrieved record in this dataset states an amount, so none is shown. Where an amount is recorded it is what a named study reported administering in its own stated model, in the past tense, and is not a protocol.
No study-reported dose was taken from a source read in v1. Literature-reported values are only recorded where the retrieved citation metadata states the figure.
Adverse effects reported in the cited literature
Unknown. No retrieved record in this dataset reports an adverse effect for this compound, so no row is shown. Absence of a row records the absence of a retrieved report, nothing more.
No adverse-effect row was taken from a source read in v1. Rows are only recorded with the study model named and the reporting citation attached.
Other names
GLP-1 appears under these other names in the cited records or in common usage. Each one resolves to this page rather than to a separate page of its own.
- glucagon-like peptide-1
- GLP-1 (7-36) amide
- GLP1
Where this page sits
Research records
Cited research records for GLP-1, each with its identifier, the publication type it is indexed as, and the study model stated by its assigned subject headings.
Compounds indexed next to it
- Semaglutide — Incretin receptor agonists
- Exenatide — Incretin receptor agonists
- Orforglipron — Incretin receptor agonists
Named targets in the cited records
Class page: Incretin receptor agonists. Full index: all indexed compounds.
Questions this page answers
What does the cited literature examine for GLP-1?
GLP-1 is the endogenous incretin hormone that the agonists in this class are modelled on. A 1987 Lancet paper reports glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36 as a physiological incretin in man, a 1993 Journal of Clinical Investigation paper reports preserved incretin activity of the 7-36 amide, a 2007 Physiological Reviews article covers its physiology, and a 2019 Molecular Metabolism review carries the peptide as its title.
Which class is GLP-1 indexed under?
GLP-1 is indexed under Incretin receptor agonists. Incretin receptor agonists are synthetic peptides that bind one or more of the incretin and glucagon family receptors, principally the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor.
What does the FDA application register show for GLP-1?
A query of the FDA Drugs@FDA application register on 2026-10-09 returned no application records for this compound name. This compound is not approved by the FDA for human use.
Sources
- PubChem Compound Summary for CID 16133831, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1. PubChem, National Library of Medicine (2026). pubchem:16133831
- Drugs@FDA application register query for this compound, no application records returned. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, openFDA drugsfda endpoint (2026). fda:glp-1
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 7-36: a physiological incretin in man. Lancet (London, England) (1987). pmid:2890903
- Preserved incretin activity of glucagon-like peptide 1 [7-36 amide] but not of synthetic human gastric inhibitory polypeptide in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. The Journal of clinical investigation (1993). pmid:8423228
- The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1. Physiological reviews (2007). pmid:17928588
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Mol Metab (2019). pmid:31767182
- A role for glucagon-like peptide-1 in the central regulation of feeding. Nature (1996). pmid:8538742
- Short-chain fatty acids stimulate glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion via the G-protein-coupled receptor FFAR2. Diabetes (2012). pmid:22190648
- The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. Lancet (2006). pmid:17098089
- Biology of incretins: GLP-1 and GIP. Gastroenterology (2007). pmid:17498508
- Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application of Glucagon-like Peptide-1. Cell metabolism (2018). pmid:29617641
- Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology (2019). pmid:31422062
- Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology (2021). pmid:34425083
On each stated value was matched to the record cited for it. That is record matching, not an appraisal of the research. Compiled and checked by: Peptide Monographs editorial desk. No qualified clinical reviewer.